E-bikes: information and guidance on the risks

Buying, storing, charging, and disposing of lithium-ion batteries

How do you charge an e-bike

Whilst specific details will vary between manufacturers, all e-bikes will have a similar method of charging. An e-bike battery can be external to the bike frame where it is removable. Alternatively, it may be fitted internally within the bike frame in the top tube or down tube and referred to as an 'integrated battery'. An e-bike battery can be charged simply by connecting it to a regular mains power plug socket.

Buying an e-bike

• Buy e-bikes, chargers, and batteries from reputable retailers. Many fires involve counterfeit electrical goods. Always check the items meet British or European standards. Items which don't meet these standards pose a huge fire risk.
• If buying an e-bike conversion kit, purchase from a reputable seller and check that it complies with British or European standards. If buying separate components, you should check that they are compatible.
• Register your product with the manufacturer. It makes it easier for manufacturers to contact you with safety information or when a product is recalled.
• Check any products you have bought are not subject to a product recall. You can do this by checking Electrical Safety First's website or the government website.

Always check items meet British or European standards

Storing an e-bike

• Don't store or charge e-bikes on escape routes or in communal areas. If there's a fire, it can affect people's ability to escape.
• Store e-bikes and their batteries in a cool place. Avoid storing them in excessively hot or cold areas as this can damage the battery, and lead to fires.
• Follow manufacturer's instructions for the storage and maintenance of lithium-ion batteries if they are not going to be used for extended periods of time.

Charging

• Follow the manufacturer's instructions on charging and charging times so that you don't overcharge your battery. This can not only lead to fires, but it can also cause damage to your battery and limit its lifespan.
• Unplug your charger when it's finished charging.
• Never charge batteries while you are asleep. Only charge them while you are awake and alert, so if a fire should occur you can respond quickly.
• Do not leave your battery unattended whilst charging.
• Always use the manufacturer-approved charger for the product and buy any replacement from the manufacturer. This reduces the likelihood of damage to your battery and of a fire.
• If you spot any signs of wear and tear or damage, buy an official replacement charger from a reputable seller.
• Do not cover chargers or battery packs when charging.
• Do not charge batteries or store your e-bike near combustible or flammable materials - good housekeeping can help with this.
• Do not overload socket outlets or use inappropriate extension leads.
• Use un-coiled extensions and ensure the lead is suitably rated for the charger.

Damage and Disposal

• Batteries can be damaged by dropping them or crashing e-bikes. Where the battery is damaged, it can overheat and catch fire without warning. Check your battery regularly for any signs of damage and if you suspect it is damaged it should be replaced and should not be used or charged.
• If you need to dispose of a damaged or end of life battery, don't dispose of it in your normal waste. These batteries, when punctured or crushed can cause fires in bin lorries, or recycling and waste centres. Alert staff that your battery needs to be disposed of and they will support you with this.